课时十一八年级（下）Units3—41.rubbishn.垃圾；废弃物2.foldv.折叠；对折3.sweepv.扫；打扫4.floorn.地板5.independentadj.独立的；自主的6.messn.杂乱；不整洁7.throwv.扔；掷8.fairadj.合理的；适当的9.neitheradv.也不pron.两者都不10.shirtn.衬衫11.passv.给；递；走过；通过12.borrowv.借；借用13.lendv.借给；借出14.fingern.手指15.hatev.厌恶；讨厌16.whileconj.与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而17.fairnessn.公正性；合理性18.choren.杂务；乏味无聊的工作19.stressn.精神压力；心理负担20.wasten.浪费；滥用21.providev.提供；供应22.anywayadv.而且；加之23.dependv.依靠；信赖24.developv.发展；壮大25.sinceconj.因为；既然prep.，conj.&adv.从……以后；自……以来26.neighborn.（＝neighbour）邻居27.anymoreadv.（常用于否定句和疑问句末）再也（不）；（不）再28.illadj.有病；不舒服29.dropv.落下；掉下30.allowv.允许；准许31.wrongadj.错误的；有毛病的32.guessv.猜测；估计33.dealn.协议；交易34.relationn.关系；联系；交往35.communicationn.交流；沟通36.arguev.争吵；争论37.cloudn.云；云朵38.elderadj.年纪较长的39.insteadadv.代替；反而；却40.whateverpron.任何；每一41.nervousadj.焦虑的；担忧的42.offerv.主动提出；自愿给予43.properadj.正确的；恰当的44.secondlyadv.第二；其次45.communicatev.交流；沟通46.explainv.解释；说明47.clearadj.清楚易懂的；晴朗的48.copyv.复制；复印；抄袭；模仿49.returnv.回来；返回；归还50.membern.成员；分子51.pressuren.压力52.competev.竞争；对抗53.opinionn.意见；想法；看法54.skilln.技艺；技巧55.typicaladj.典型的56.footballn.足球57.continuev.持续；继续存有58.comparev.比较59.crazyadj.不理智的；疯狂的60.pushv.推动；鞭策；督促61.developmentn.发展；发育；成长62.causev.造成；引起63.usualadj.通常的；寻常的64.perhapsadv.可能；大概；也许1.fair（adj.）→unfair（adj.）不合理的；不公正的→fairness（n.）合理性；公正性2.quick（adj.）→quickly（adv.）很快地；迅速地高频3.communicate（v.）→communication（n.）交流；沟通高频4.argue（v.）→argument（n.）争吵；争论5.old（adj.）→elder（adj.）年纪较长的→eldest（adj.）最年长的高频6.proper（adj.）→properly（adv.）合适地；恰当地7.second（num.）→secondly（adv.）第二；其次高频8.press（v.）→pressure（n.）压力9.sweep（v.）→swept（过去式/过去分词）扫；打扫10.throw（v.）→threw（过去式）→thrown（过去分词）扔；掷高频11.lend（v.）→lent（过去式/过去分词）借给；借出高频12.depend（v.）→dependence（n.）依靠；依赖→dependent（adj.）依靠的；依赖的→independence（n.）独立→independent（adj.）独立的；自主的高频13.develop（v.）→development（n.）发展；开发；成长→developed（adj.）发达的；发展的→developing（adj.）发展中的高频14.neighbor（n.）→neighborhood（n.）社区；街坊15.ill（adj.）→illness（n.）疾病高频16.explain（v.）→explanation（n.）解释；说明17.clear（adj.）→clearly（adv.）清楚地；清晰地1.drop（n.）滴；水滴（v.）落下；掉下；遗漏（字、音等）；减少；降低2.copy（v.）抄袭；模仿；复制；复印（n.）抄本；副本；（书、报等的）本；册3.push（v.）鞭策；督促；推动（n.）推；鼓励；推动4.cause（n.）起因；原因；动机；事业；目标；思想（v.）造成；引起5.anyway（adv.）而且，加之，反正；尽管；即使这样（转换话题、结束谈话或回到原话题时说）无论如何，反正6.develop（v.）发展；壮大；使成长；使发展；开发；增强；培养从下面方框中选择合适的词，并用其适当形式填空。developcopyanywaycausepushdrop1.Thebookissopopularthatcopiesinthebookstorehavealreadysoldout.2.ShethanksherP.E.teacherforkeepingherinsportsandpushingherintoenteringthegame.3.Thenumberofchildrenwithasthma（哮喘）hasdroppedbyaround20％becauseoftheinventionofthemedicine.4.Suchcollectedinformationhelpsdoctorsdiscoverthecauseofanillnessfaster.5.Hobbiescandevelopyourinterestsandhelpyoulearnnewskills.6.Anyway，let’sforgetaboutthatforthemoment.1.倒垃圾takeouttherubbish2.洗碗碟dothedishes3.折叠衣服foldclothes4.扫地sweepthefloor5.整理床铺makeyourbed6.搭便车getaride7.从事……工作workon8.扔下throwdown9.一直allthetime10.结果asaresult11.取得好成绩getgoodgrades12.生病fallill13.依靠；依赖dependon14.考上大学getintoauniversity15.外出吃饭gooutfordinner16.在空闲时间inyourfreetime17.与某人吵架/打架getintoafightwithsb.18.太多课外辅导班toomanyafter-schoolclasses19.学得过多studytoomuch20.得到足够的睡眠getenoughsleep21.给某人写信writesb.aletter22.与……和睦相处/关系良好getonwith…23.笼罩hangover24.拒绝做某事refusetodosth.25.以便sothat26.介意某人做某事mindsb./sb’sdoingsth.27.抄袭某人的作业copyone’shomework28.与某人竞争competewithsb.29.一……就……，尽快assoonas30.目的是，为了inorderto31.照顾；处理takecareof32.快速查看；浏览lookthrough33.比较；对比compare…with…34.依……看inone’sopinion1.我父母不允许我和朋友出去闲逛。Myparentsdon’tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.2.昨天我发现我姐姐在翻阅我的东西。Ifoundmysisterlookingthroughmythingsyesterday.3.尽管她错了，但也没什么大不了的。Althoughshe’swrong，it’snotabigdeal.4.相反他能看任何他想看的（电视节目）直到深夜。Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.5.你应该解释你不介意他一直看电视。Youshouldexplainthatyoudon’tmindhimwatchingTVallthetime.6.也许我能减少一些他们的活动。MaybeIcouldcutoutafewoftheiractivities.7.尽管想要成功的孩子很正常，但是让孩子们快乐更重要。Althoughit’snormaltowantsuccessfulchildren，it’sevenmoreimportanttohavehappychildren.8.孩子们应该有时间放松和独立思考。Kidsshouldhavetimetorelaxandthinkforthemselves.9.医生说太大的压力对一个孩子的发展不利。Doctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild’sdevelopment.10.两个小时的电视对你来说足够了。TwohoursofTVisenoughforyou.11.我刚在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV，mymomcameover.12.一周了，她没做任何家务，我也没有。Foroneweek，shedidn’tdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.13.但是为什么你不忘了它，这样的话你们又可以做朋友了？Butwhydon’tyouforgetaboutitsothatyoucanbefriendsagain？14.为了取得好成绩并且上个好大学，他们应该花时间在学业上。Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.（一）whilecontinuepropercommunicatebyitprovideallowinsteadfingerAlthoughwearingamask（口罩）canhelpyoustayawayfromthevirus（病毒），itcanhaveaninfluenceonyourexpression（表情）.Itcausestroublein1.Howtokeepagoodtalkwhileyouarewearingamask？Let’sseewhattheexpertssay.Youcancontrolyourcommunication2workingwiththeeyes.It3youtosaysomethingmoreeasilythandoingsomething.Becauseeyecontact（接触）costsextrabrainpowerlessandmakespeopleuncomfortableafteronlythreeseconds.But4eyecontactalsohasadvantages.5canmakeyoulookkinderandmorehandsomewhenyoushowup.Alotofhelpis6bybodylanguage.Toletotherpeopleknowyouwanttostartspeaking，youcansitwell，holdupyour7ornodmoreoften.Theywilllikeyouandevenagreewithyou.Don’tforgettheinfluenceofyourvoice.Forexample，speakinginalowvoicemaymeansadness，8thehighershoutcouldshowanger.Changingyourvoicecanchangethewholeconversation.Soratherthanspeakingloudly，youshouldtrytosaythingsclearly9.Byallmeans，10therightwaystokeepyourselfsafe.Atthesametime，youneedtopayattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers.1.communication2.by3.allows4.proper5.It6.provided7.fingers8.while9.instead10.continue（二）Iliketohaveawonderfuldinnerforthefamilyreunion（团聚）.Afterabigbreakfast，Iwaituntildinnertoeat.I1happyalltheafternoon.Wegooutside2playaquickgameoffootballinthebackyard.Thenwewatchaninterestingfootballgameontelevisionlaterintheday.3mydadisnotgoodatcooking，hestillhelpscookfoodinthekitchen.Mymotheraddssomethingsecrettohersoup.Myeldersisterpreparesahealthysaladforthebigmeal.Theyarebusy4thechores.Myfavoritedishissweetbaked（烤的）potatoes.Oneofmybestmemoriesaboutmakingfamilydinnerispreparingmashed（捣碎的）potatoeswithmygrandmotherwhenIwasyounger.Doyouknow5eatingdeliciousfoodwillmakeyouhappier？Afteragreatfamilydaywithfriendsandfamilies，Iamalwaysmuchhappierthanbefore.1.am2.to3.Although/Though4.with5.that